This is from Renault:
"HOW IT WORKS
Two types of camshaft angle variators exist. The first one is based on a piston combined with helical teeth. This is located on the inner face of the distribution belt pulley. In these teeth are placed gears that are interdependent with the camshaft. The piston allows axial movement of the gear in relation to the helical teeth of the pulley, rather like driving down a corkscrew. When the piston moves the gear in relation to the helical teeth, it swivels slightly. Thus, depending on its position, a more or less great angular shift appears between the camshaft and the pulley and consequently between the crankshaft and camshaft.
However, this complex device is increasingly giving way to the “paddle” variator. This is still located in the camshaft pulley. A rotor separates the chambers, which are cavities arranged in the body of the pulley. By injecting oil under pressure on one or other of the faces of the separator that the rotor forms, the rotor tends to pivot in either one direction or the other. There are “advance” and “retard” chambers, depending on the direction of the shift induced on the camshaft. It is by applying oil under pressure using a solenoid valve to one or other of these chambers that the computer can control the camshaft shift. Depending on the application, this operation can be carried out either in all or nothing mode or uninterrupted. In the first case, two extreme values of shift are available. If the system works in continuous mode, the shift can then take an unspecified value between these two extreme positions to optimise the operation of the engine still further."
As I understand it the Clio has the second type of variator (paddle) in all or nothing mode. I would assume that if the solenoid was faulty and it was either totally inoperative or not maintaining sufficient oil pressure the variator would not be properly controlled and would flap about making a clacking sound. I'm not sure where the inlet cam has a position sensor as if it did, I would also assume that the engine management computer would know something was wrong as the value expected from the position sensor would not be what was expected and would throw up a fault light.
Just my thoughts based on very little exposure to the engine (as yet!).